EPP (Home Science)

HOME SCIENCE

UNIT 1 – ICT

LESSON 1: 

SAFE AND RESPONSIBLE USE OF COMPUTER

Unlocking Word Difficulties:

1. Access – a means of approach or admission to a place or person

2. Threats – menace; intent to ham or injure

3. Refrain – to prevent from doing an act

4. Responsible – ability to meet one’s duty or obligation

5. Safe – free from harm or danger

6. Prohibit – hinder; forbid

7. Inappropriate – unsuitable; unbecoming

8. Offensive – disagreeable; annoying

9. Consequences – results; effects

What is Computer?

A basic computer is defined as an electronic device or machine that is programmable and can manipulate information or data. A Computer has the ability to manipulate information or process data. A computer has the ability to process, store, and retrieve data.

Parts of a Personal Computer

Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

AVR – Automatic Voltage Regulator
BIOS – Basic Input Output System

CPU – Central Processing Unit

Basic Steps in Operating a Personal Computer

1. Turn the AVR on

2. Turn on the CPU or the Central Processing Unit of computer.

3. Switch on the monitor

4. If the computer requires a password, type the necessary keys to unlock the computer.

5. Choose the program or application you want to perform.

Securing your computer from External and Internal Threats

       Securing your computer and personal data from other people is possible. Yu can prevent other people from accessing you data, important files and information.

    You can protect your computer by setting a password. You can do this by accessing the personalized menu and going to control panel. In control panel you will see the system and security function where you can now set a code or password to protect your computer from any unauthorized user.

      Securing your computer from internal threats is important and the most common threats are computer virus and malware virus. These viruses can damage your computer software. Typical computer virus are the Worm and Trojan. A damaged software from virus will make your computer unable to perform its functions. To protect your computer from virus, you have to install an anti-virus software.

What is an Internet?

        Internet is called as International Network. Internet is generally a global network or system that connects millions of computers around the world. It is the interconnection or linkage of mainframe computers and personal computers including the wireless computers anywhere.  Internet is primarily used to link everyone in approximately 190 different countries exchanging data, information, and ideas.

Dos and Don’ts in using Computer Internet and Email

1. The internet is a very useful place, but remember that not everything that may be found in the internet is true. Some who uses it may not be who they say they are and posting any information in the internet may be correct but maybe harmful.
2. Secure your password and keep it to yourself. Always log out and log off your account on any device after use. After using your computer be sure to lock it so that no one can use it.
3. Refrain from posting incorrect information and using inappropriate language that can be offensive to anyone. Do not open files that are not yours, be sure to ask permission from the person concerned. Be sure to use emails and social sites in a responsible manner to avoid hurting someone who may see it.
4. Do not post any personal information on the internet or in social sites such as address, phone number, etc. that can harm your privacy and lead you to serious consequences. Do not post anyone’s information on the internet that may lead to the same consequence. Be mindful of what you say on the internet.
5. Be sure to think carefully in going to different places online. There are places that you are not permitted to go.
6. There is a right time for everything, right time to use the internet, and the proper place to use it. For example in schools and in classrooms, the use of devices and the internet are commonly prohibited.
7. Avoid uploading or copying published information or materials on the internet without proper permission. Copyright laws can be applied.

LESSON 2:

GATHERING & ORGANIZING INFORMATION FROM THE COMPUTTER & INTERNET

Unlocking Word Difficulties:

1. Organize – to arrange in order

2. Retrieve – to recover, to restore

3. Universe – the whole system or created things

4. Options – Choices

5. Storing – to keep safely

Nowadays, getting and organizing information with the use of a computer through the internet is very easy and convenient compared to a couple of decades ago. Presently, we have different web browsers that we can access to search any website for all information under the sun.

Some Popular Web Browser:

1. Google Chrome

2. Opera

3. Internet Explorer

4. Mozilla Firefox

5. Safari

      Web Browser is simply a software application that enables you to browse the internet and access any website in the World Wide Web. This browser can help you to locate the information that you are searching for.

         The World Wide Web can be defined as a space of information where all the web resources can be found. It can be regarded as the universe of information in cyberspace. As website is also called as “site”. It contains groups of related information and documents that is found in a single web domain. This is where you can search anything from documents, images, videos, music, published information, social sites and etc.

      A Search engine is a software program that searches for websites. This software enables you to search for any specific information that you want to access you can easily do this by just typing the keywords you are searching for.

Popular Search Engines:

1. Google

2. Yahoo

3. MSN
4. Ask
5. bing
6. Aol

Downloading is basically receiving data from a source or system. It can also be a process of transferring a file from one computer to another. You can download any data in the form of software, programs, documents, images, music, videos, and etc.

Steps in using a Web Browser

1. Turn on the Computer.
2. Key in password if needed.
3. Choose what web browser to use, depending on the kind of web browser installed in your computer. The commonly installed browsers are Google Chrome, Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox.
4. Click the chosen web browser.
5. Then type the website desired, then click search.

Basic Steps in Downloading a File in a Data

1. In the web browser, type your desired website.

2. For example, you want to download a specific document on steps in making a research paper.

3. In the web browser, for example Google Chrome you can directly type the keywords, “steps in making a research paper” then click search.

4. Different websites related to steps in making a research paper will appear in your monitor.

5. Choose any website that you desire.

6. The content of the website will appear in the form of a webpage. All of the information regarding to your topic is now in front of you.

7. Select the page you desire by clicking the right button of your mouse Options will appear then, click the option, “Select all”.

8. The page you selected will be copied or transferred to your desired file system, like your external storage devise such as flash drive, external hard drive, CD, diskette and etc.

Computer file system is a method or process of organizing and storing data or files in your computer. This is done so you can easily find or access your files without confusion.  One of the basic computer file system that you can do is to create folders for your files or documents. Your files will be organized into groups such as folder for your documents, music, videos, pictures and etc.

Simple way of making folders as your File system

1. In the desktop mode of your computer, right click your mouse. Options will appear.

2. Choose “new” then, click “folder”.

3. A blank folder is created.

4. Type the desired file name for your folder.

5. Open folder then, transfer the file you want to be in that folder.

LESSON 3: 

MAKING TABLES AND CHARTS USING PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS

Unlocking Word Difficulties:

1. Productivity – the power to product or generate

2. Tools – instruments

3. Text – content or a document using words

4. Graphics – a picture, map, or graph used for illustration

5. User – anyone who uses the computer and the internet

6. Composing – In this lesson, it refers to creating a text or document

Basic Productivity tools are essential in organizing and in presenting your data at work in school. These are computer software programs that are basic in every computer. The popular Microsoft Word is a word processing program that helps create documents aby using text and graphics. The other tools that helps us create and organize numerical data is Spreadsheet. Microsoft Excel is an example of a spreadsheet. The spreadsheet allows the user to create formulas for easy calculation of multiple mathematical operations. Then the most common presentation tool is the Microsoft PowerPoint.

Basic Steps in Using Word Processing Tool:

1. In the desktop mode, click the start menu which is usually located at the left bottom corer of the screen.
2. After clicking the start menu, click “all program”.
3. Look for the program Microsoft Word
4. A blank page will appear for you to start creating your text document.
5. At the top of the page, there is a series of options called the “menu bar” You will find options such as font, font style, font size, tools for grammar checking and spelling, paragraph structure such as spaces, indentions, page layout and etc.
6. These options will guide you create document.
7. After composing your document, click “File” click “Save As” then type the title of your document for easy location of your file.
8. Refer for to the “help” menu for more assistance in using Microsoft Word.

Basic Steps in Using Spreadsheet:

1. In the desktop mode, click the start menu which is usually located at the left bottom corer of the screen.
2. After clicking the start menu, click “all program”.
3. Look for the program Microsoft Excel.
4. A blank spreadsheet will appear.
5. The spreadsheet has columns and rows which constitutes multiple cells.
6. At the top of the spreadsheet, there are letters that mark the column cells.
7. At the left side of the spreadsheet are numbers that mark the row cells.
8. At the upper part of the page is a series of options called “menu bar” same as Microsoft Word to guide the user in creating numerical data and formula.
9. Refer for to the “help” menu for more assistance in working your spreadsheet.

LESSON 4: 

HOW TO USE EMAIL

Unlocking Word Difficulties:

1. Transmitting – act of sending from the place or person to another

2. Messages – written communications from one person to another

3. Sender – one who causes to go or dispatch something sent

4. Recipient – one who receives the message

5. Images – pictures or drawings

6. Videos – relating to images on a television or computer display

7. Sensitive – having a keen sense or feeling towards something

8. Priority – being first in rank

9. Confirmation – act of confirming or everything

What is Email?
        Email is short for Electronic Mail. This is defined as transmitting of messages through electronic means. It consists of a sender and a recipient. Messages are delivered though the Internet from one computer to another.

     An ordinary message is composed by typing through keyboard where the user creates text messages and can even attach media files like images or videos. Email address or account is the sending and receiving point of every message. Everyone can have email address or account. Email address is the sending and receiving point of every message.

     Your email address should be private and protected. The use of password is important and that only you must know about it. Your email may contain sensitive information, which you should protect.

Basic Email Provider

1. Gmail

2. Yahoo Mail

3. Hotmail

4. Mail.com

5. AOL mail

How to create an email address:

1. Choose an email provider

2. Click Sign Up

3. Answer the following information needed such as name, birthdate, gender and mobile number.

4. Create username. Username is composed of a combination of letters, numbers and periods depending on your preference. Example: reychelanndagamilardino@gmail.com

5. Create a password. Password must have the following characteristics in order for it to be considered as a strong or ideal password: (1) it must have at least 8 characters, (2) it must have an upper case letter and lowercase letter, and (3) it must have a number and or special character.

6. Click the agree box for the terms and condition, and privacy policy of the email provider.

7. Then lastly, click “continue” and you’re good to go.

How to Send an Email

1. In the desktop mode, click the Web browser.

2. Type the email provider.

3. Click “Sign in”.

4. Type your email address and the password.

5. Your home page will appear. Click the option “compose” at the upper corner of the page.

6. Type the email address of the receiving party.

7. Create your message.

8. If you want to attach a document, media files (image, video, or music. Click the paper clip. This serves as the symbol for attachments.

9. List the saved files where the attachments will come from.

10. Choose what file you want to attach on your message.

11. Then click “Send”

12. Wait for the confirmation that your message has been sent.

13. Click “Sign out”

How to Receive an Email

1. In the desktop mode, click the Web browser.

2. Type the email provider.

3. Click “Sign in”.

4. Type your email address and the password.

5. Your home page will appear. A list of unread messages will pop out from your inbox.

6. Click the message that you want to read.

7. To make a reply, click the reply button.

8. Compose your message.

9. Then click “Send”, then wait for the confirmation that your message has been sent.

10. Click “Sign out”

UNIT 2 – ENTREPRENEURSHIP

LESSON 1 : 

MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Unlocking Word Difficulties:

1. Production – the process of producing something

2. Service – the occupation of one who makes use of his/her talent, skill or expertise

3. Goods – something manufacture or produced; something that has economic value

4. Idea – a design; something (as a thought, concept, image) present in the mind

5. Innovation – a creation of the imagination; a devise or a process originated after study and experiment

6. Transform – to change in structure, appearance or character

7. Demands – the ability and device to buy goods and services

Entrepreneur is the science and art of producing goods.

Production of goods has two purpose: One, for consumers, it is to meet their needs. Two, for producers, it is to provide service and gain profit in return.